Analogy Reasoning Cheat Sheet

Key Definitions

• Analogy: A comparison between two things to highlight similarities.

• Analogue: The item or concept that is being compared to another.

Important Concepts

Types of Analogies

• Synonym Analogy: Similar meanings (e.g., happy : joyful).

• Antonym Analogy: Opposite meanings (e.g., hot : cold).

• Part to Whole Analogy: A part of something to the whole (e.g., wheel : car).

• Cause and Effect Analogy: One causes the other (e.g., fire : smoke).

Structure of Analogies

• A : B :: C : D: If A is to B, then C is to D.

• Identify relationships and find the corresponding pair.

Key Formulas

• Analogy Relationship:

• Finding Missing Terms:

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Common Mistake: Ignoring the relationship type (e.g., confusing synonyms with antonyms).

Memory Tricks

Tip: "SIMPLE" — Similarity, Inference, Mapping, Part-whole, Logic, Effect.

Key Diagrams

Analogy Structure:
A : B
|
C : D

Types of Analogies:
Synonym  Antonym
  |         |
Part  Cause