Human Heart Cheat Sheet

Key Definitions

• Heart: Muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system.

• Atrium: Upper chamber of the heart that receives blood.

• Ventricle: Lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out.

• Valves: Structures that prevent backflow of blood.

Important Concepts

Heart Structure

• 4 Chambers: Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

• Circulation Types:

• Systemic circulation: Blood flow to the body.

• Pulmonary circulation: Blood flow to the lungs.

Cardiac Cycle

• Systole: Contraction phase, blood is pumped out.

• Diastole: Relaxation phase, chambers fill with blood.

Key Formulas

• Stroke Volume (SV): Amount of blood pumped by a ventricle per beat.

• Heart Rate (HR): Number of beats per minute.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Common Mistake: Confusing systole with diastole; remember systole is contraction.

Memory Tricks

Tip: "A Very Nice Heart" —

• A: Atria

• V: Ventricles

• N: Nodes (SA and AV)

• H: Heart

Key Diagrams

      +----------+
      |          |
      |  Atria   |
      |          |
      +----+-----+
           |
           |   Valves
           |
      +----+-----+
      |          |
      | Ventricle|
      |          |
      +----------+

Tip: Use diagrams to visualize blood flow and heart structure!